Battery storage rules: Des Moines County, IA
Des Moines County Ordinance 64 (adopted January 13, 2026, 2-1; in effect after newspaper publication) sets standards for commercial (utility-scale) battery storage on unincorporated land. Battery storage that mainly serves the property it sits on or an adjoining property is not covered. The ordinance sets setbacks by the battery equipment a system contains; where NFPA 855 requires a greater setback, the greater one applies. Noise may not exceed 50 dBA at a home or civic building on non-participating property.
Des Moines County: battery storage standards adopted January 2026
Ordinance 64 (January 13, 2026) sets siting and operating standards for commercial battery storage on unincorporated land, with setbacks by battery equipment type. Des Moines County Ord. 64; Board of Supervisors minutes, January 13, 2026
Fire and building codes in force
- State fire code: 2024 International Fire Code with state amendments, in effect September 10, 2025, administered by the Department of Inspections, Appeals, and Licensing (481 IAC 280.8(1)); the state amendments do not address energy storage. A city or county may enforce its own fire ordinance that adopts any edition of the International Fire Code or NFPA 1 (or the 1997 Uniform Fire Code); a building there is "deemed to comply" with the state rules when, among other conditions, the local code is enforced through plan review and regular inspections (481 IAC 280.11(1))
- Electrical: 2023 National Electrical Code with state amendments, in effect July 1, 2025 (481 IAC 404.3)
- State building code: 2024 International Building Code (481 IAC 301.3), which applies to state-owned and state-funded buildings, to local governments that have accepted it by ordinance, and to cities over 15,000 without a comparable local code (Iowa Code 103A.10(2))
How a project is permitted
Local zoning decides where battery storage goes: the county outside city limits, the city inside them. A facility whose electric storage units total 25 megawatt-hours or more at one site also needs an Iowa Utilities Commission certificate before construction starts (Iowa Code 476A.1(5), 476A.2(1)). The Commission serves notice on the county and city zoning authorities and on owners of property within 1,000 feet of the site, holds the hearing in the county, and must find that the construction, maintenance and operation of the facility will be "consistent with reasonable land use and environmental policies" (476A.4(2), (4); 476A.6). Once a certificate issues, "a regulatory agency, city or county shall not require any further approval, permit or license for the construction of the facility" (476A.8). The Commission "may waive any of the requirements of this subchapter" if it determines that the public interest would not be adversely affected (476A.15). Ask: is this project 25 megawatt-hours or more, and has it applied to the Iowa Utilities Commission for a certificate or a waiver? Ask the Commission how a certificate and Iowa Code 476A.8 apply to a county pause or ordinance. Does my county or city have a pause or a battery storage ordinance, and is the site zoned for it? Which fire code does my local fire department enforce, and does it cover an outdoor battery yard? Ask your local fire official or the Department of Inspections, Appeals, and Licensing.
State permits and reporting rules that may apply
- Ask whether the project has Iowa DNR coverage under NPDES General Permit No. 2 for construction stormwater. Construction that disturbs one acre or more (pads, roads, trenches, grading), or less if it is part of a larger plan that will disturb one acre or more, needs it before work starts. 567 IAC 60.13(2); NPDES General Permit No. 2, Parts I.B.1.a and II.A
- Ask whether the battery site, its access road or its power-line route is in a floodplain or floodway, and if so whether Iowa DNR has approved it. DNR approval is needed where the stream drains 10 or more square miles at the downstream end of the site in rural areas, or 2 or more in urban areas, unless it is approved under a city or county floodplain ordinance that DNR has approved, or an exemption applies. Iowa Code 455B.275(3); 567 IAC 71.1
- Ask who would report a spill or release at the site, and how. Anyone storing or handling a hazardous substance must report a hazardous condition (an actual, imminent or probable spill, leak or release of a hazardous substance that creates an immediate or potential danger to public health, safety or the environment) to Iowa DNR and the local police or county sheriff as soon as possible and within six hours; the responsible party then sends DNR a follow-up report within 30 days of the first report. Some small spills cleaned up within 24 hours are exempt. Iowa Code 455B.381(4), 455B.386; 567 IAC 105.4, 105.5
- Ask whether the site will hold hazardous chemicals at Tier II reporting levels and, if so, whether the chemical inventory is filed by March 1 with Iowa DNR, the local emergency planning committee and the local fire department. 605 IAC 102.22(4)
Setbacks and spacing
- Commercial battery storage containing "non-aqueous lithium-ion, sodium-ion, or sodium-sulfur battery equipment": 500 ft (participating property) / 1,000 ft (non-participating) from occupied homes and civic buildings; 250 ft from a non-participating property boundary; 150 ft from above-ground power lines and road, rail or levee right-of-way Local ordinance Des Moines County Ord. 64, Art. V.B(2), (6)
- Commercial battery storage with other battery equipment: 250 ft / 500 ft from occupied homes and civic buildings; 75 ft from a non-participating property boundary, power lines and right-of-way Local ordinance Des Moines County Ord. 64, Art. V.B(3), (6)
Sources
Check a specific system
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